Grouping students by ability is known as what?

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Grouping students by ability is described as streaming. In UK schools, streaming means dividing a year into separate groups based on assessed ability, with each stream moving at a pace and level suited to that group's needs. This differs from mixed-ability grouping, which keeps students of different abilities together in the same class. While terms like tracking or ability grouping are used in other contexts, streaming is the standard label when referring to sorting an entire year into ability-based streams. Streaming can help tailor instruction, but it can also create fixed labels and limit interaction across different abilities.